Seasonal Snaps: Summer Solstice 2013

Welcome summer!urban homestead front yard garden Things are green around here. In the front yard, we have a squash and grains patch and the Swainway Urban Farm annex, six long rows of organic tomatoes, peppers, beets, and celery root.

urban homestead front yard Out back, the baby orchard is coming along. We're collecting no fruit from these trees, but are eating mulberries from a wild tree and looking forward to harvest from an existing apple and pear tree.

urban homestead month nine We've taken down trees, built a new coop, and started many gardens near the house. The natural playground balance beam, steps, and swinging rope lie between the orchard and near gardens.

urban homestead chicken yard and hoop house Chicks are growing too. Lil and I allowed this Buff Brahma to explore the hoop house recently. We've eaten peas, greens, strawberries, radishes and beets from the hoop house this spring; the beds now contain tomatoes and peppers. hen in hoop house

We couldn't be more pleased with the progress from winter solstice 2012 to spring equinox 2013 to now. We're not stopping yet - we have plans for a big harvest, mud room, and maybe even a renovated indoor kitchen before the next season change.

What's happening in your neck of the woods?

Hugelkultur Whatta?

hugelkultur pile instructions In reading about permaculture, one strange word comes up in book after book: hugelkultur. Hugel is for hill, kultur for culture, as in cultivation. In practice, a hugelkultur pile is a giant raised bed with a base of rotting wood.

Having an abundance of excess wood from downed limbs and trees, and needing to build beds for our seedlings, led us to experimentation with hugelkultur.

The Hulgelkultur Concept

Hulgelkultur is a prominent feature of many permaculture gardens. Hulgelkultur piles:

  • expand growing capacity in a small space,
  • encourage microclimates,
  • allow for easier harvesting,
  • retain water while allowing drainage, and
  • build nutrients over time.

The surface area on a mini-hill, as hugelkultur piles become, allow for the greater planting area. Growers traditionally plant nutrient-needing plants like tomatoes, strawberries, peppers, etc. on the top of the pile. Heat-loving greens, like collards, line the south side where sun will be heavier, and shade-tolerant plants like lettuces go on the north side.

Building Hugelkultur Piles

beginning of a hugelkultur pile

The first hulgelkultur bed I built with the help of my friend Elizabeth in late winter. We took logs from a catalpa tree with very soft wood to make the base. Next we layered in smaller branches and stomped on the top to get the branches to compact. Over the next few weeks, I shoveled wood chips in the holes left behind and placed pieces of sod, upside down, over the branches to begin building soil.

The grass began growing through the sod, so I had to go back and shake out the soil piece by piece. This was tedious, but I couldn't have grasses stealing nutrients from the edibles I intended to plant. I added some soil and compost from Price Farms and planted in early May.

Later, after clearing away wood from the honey locust tree we had cut down, a big depression was left where the trunk fell. A big depression in full sun with the grass already dead? Sounds like the beginnings of another hugelkultur!

hugelkultur pile with leaveshugel kultur pile plantedchild showing height of hugelkultur pile

This time I was more careful to use rotten logs and grade them finely so the pile is more compact. I layered in leaf litter instead of woodchips because that's what we had in abundance.

Tips for Building Hugelkultur

  • Build in the off season to allow weather to help settle everything in. Holes may appear that need to be filled.
  • Digging the bottom out a little helps the layering but building right on top of the grass layer creates a higher bed.
  • Quickly-rotting soft woods will build beds faster.
  • Avoid materials that can leach toxins into your garden. Don't use painted or treated woods. I couldn't find definitive evidence or experience with this, but unless you have no other material available, I wouldn't use black walnut which releases juglone, toxic to plants like tomatoes and peppers.
  • Build the base at least three feet wide and ideally four feet wide. Smaller widths will not hold much material on top and wider will not allow access to the middle where plants can best grow.

Our Experiments

Our second hulgelkultur is oriented opposite of the first which creates drastic differences in sunlight exposure. Both piles have tomatoes, peppers, and beans growing in them along with other plants. They piles are easy to tend, being several feet off the ground. I'm not worried about flooding in the hugelkultur piles whereas I am worried about flooding elsewhere in our low yard.

hugelkultur pile as seen from the top

Time will tell how these hugelkultur compare to each other and to the rest of the garden made of lasagna-type beds. I predict they will be less productive in this first year as relatively fresh wood decomposes and pulls some nitrogen out of the soil. In the long term, however, I think our 'stick mound things', as guests sometimes refer to them, may become the most productive areas of our garden.

Dirt Gym

child using wheelbarrow Do you struggle to find time and motivation to exercise? Are you looking for the latest greatest fitness craze?

Let me introduce you to Dirt Gym. Located on every small farm in the country, including the Harmonious Homestead, you can tone your muscles and chill your mind while growing food.

Searching for six pack abs? Let me introduce you to the amazing effects of hoeing weeds among rows of corn and sweeping the weed whacker between fruit trees in the orchard. Digging drainage ditches builds obliques.

When it rains, have a mud run, no registration fee required! After dark, bring your head lamp for jaunts chasing after the escaped cat or nocturnal predators.

exercise by log splitting Want ripping arm muscles? Join Alex at the wood pile to chop your way to defined biceps. Haul the split wood from chopping block to storage pile for some aerobics to balance your exercise.

Fill, push, and unload the wheelbarrow for basic cardio. Squat, stoop for a weed and jump up again in the patented 'Weedie' exercise move. Count the number of bags of feed or bales of straw you can load and unload in a single session - and document your PR on Instagram with our complimentary WiFi!

We have no juice bar, but gym rats can refuel on greens and herbs year-round by plucking them out of the beds. Showers and towels aren't provided either but we have 125 feet of hose. Tan with the original ancient process known as working under the sun.

Dirt Gym costs nothing and is open every day of the year - all ages welcome!

Garden Pests Everywhere! {Wordless Wednesday}

aphids on tomato leaf flea beetle on potatoesholes on cabbage leaf

cabbage moth caterpillarbeet leaf miner

predation by chickens

chickens eating caterpillars

Can you ID them all? 1. aphids on tomato leaf 2. flea beetle on potatoes 3. unidentified holes on cabbage leaves 4. cabbage moth caterpillar 5. beet leaf miner 6. chickens eyeing bean leaves 7. chickens turning cabbage moth caterpillar into eggs

We are trying to be zen-like in our thoughts and actions toward the early and widespread garden pests. We are plucking perpetrators and feeding them to the chickens and sometimes we're treating with natural pesticides. But we don't have the time or inclination to treat everything. Perhaps this year will be one in which we build up populations of natural predators. Ideally, the diversity of our plantings will ensure that something will survive; we'll save those seeds to breed local pest-resistance after we're done eating what we can, bug-holed or not.

Where We Be

You don't need to be a careful observer to figure out that we aren't sitting around inside blogging these days. Photographs are few and far between these days, hence a gratuitous picture of chicks to illustrate this post. We're incredibly, happily busy in and out of the house. bantam chickens

Here's where we are:

In The Garden - As often as we can, we're outside playing on the natural playground, tending the hoop house, caring for chickens, and building and filling new garden beds. We come inside happily exhausted and start over the next day.

Working - Rachel is spending one afternoon a week at City Folk's Farm Shop. She loves talking to people about gardening and helping out friend Shawn and Gerry who own the store. Rachel is also putting in hours at the Ohio 4-H International office this summer while they are in between staff.

Despite the threat of furlough, Alex is leading up a new program with his job and working more than usual. The good news for our bank account is that he will only be furloughed up to eleven days now.

Bringing Food to the People - Rachel also sells mushrooms, microgreens, seedlings, and specialty vegetables for Swainway Urban Farm at Clintonville or Worthington markets on Saturday mornings. She'll help out for the Clintonville Wednesday evening market when that starts in early June too. And Alex is now serving on the Clintonville Farmers' Market board, so he spends time meeting, running errands, and completing projects.

Teaching - We have a full line-up of classes with City Folk's, Franklin Park Conservatory, Local Matters, and the newly-opened Seasoned Farmhouse. Come join one of our summer workshops!

Grow Your Own: Chickens 101 - 5/21 Seeds! Swap and Save - 6/2 Solve Gardening Problems Naturally —6/11 Pressure Canning—6/23 Pickles—6/25  Preserving Basics—7/11  Makin’ Bacon—7/14  Planning Your Fall Garden-8/1  Cooking with Herbs—8/18  BBQ Basics—8/25 

After August, our lives will return to a slower pace again. In the meantime, stop by a farmers' market or class to chat about what's up on the homestead!

Keep Yourself and Your Plants Cool This Summer & Duluth Trading Giveaway!

duluth trading co giveaway

Warm days are here to stay, hooray! As the temperatures rise, staying cool becomes all the more important. Here's how we keep ourselves cool in the summer:

1) Don a hat - a lightweight hat keeps sun off the face which keeps your whole body cool. In addition, it shades your eyes which prevents eye strain and headaches.

2) Wear light-colored, breathable clothing - Clothing made from materials like wool and bamboo are naturally breathable. New woven synthetics can match their drying power. The folks at Duluth Trading gave me a chance to try out some of their clothing made from lightweight, wicking fabric. The Armachillo shirt I'm wearing in these pictures has clever vents along the back to stay even cooler.

3) Work smart - Carry tools with you to prevent running back to the garage, stay in shade, and work in the cooler morning or evening if possible. Many women's pants don't have enough pockets but the quick dry work pants from Duluth Trading have plenty of places for hand tools, seed packets and cellphone.

duluth work pants pockets

Keep your plants happy and productive this summer by ensuring they stay cool too. Here's how:

1) Water at the soil surface because it minimizes evaporation. If you water on a sunny day on top of plants, the droplets can be like little magnifying glasses and cause sun scortch on the leaves. Push your hose or can to the bottom of the plant for best results.

2) Water deeply every three to four days instead of lightly every day. This way, even the deepest roots get to soak up a drink and you aren't spending as much time watering.

3) Mulch or plant short plants under taller ones to retain moisture. We're experimenting with planting carrots and lettuces under our tomatoes and peppers this year to keep down weeds, give us a secondary crop, and act as living mulch for water retention.

watering seedlings deeply at the roots

Want to have your Summer Solved? I have a $50 gift card to Duluth Trading Company for one lucky person. Enter to win in one or both of these ways:

1) Leave a comment below about how to beat the summer heat or anything else that's on your mind.

2) Like Harmonious Homestead on Facebook and leave a comment telling me you did, or already do.

Duluth Trading Company is offering free US shipping for orders over $50 now through June 30, 2013. Just enter code “T13PRCG”.

Giveaway rules: The giveaway winner will be chosen by random.org from all valid entries on Sunday May 12 at 8 pm and winner will have 24 hours to respond by email. The gift card giveaway is open to anyone who can receive the card at a US or Canadian address. 

I was selected for this opportunity as a member of Clever Girls Collective and the content and opinions expressed here are all my own.

Eggs In Every Basket - Gardening 2013

radish seedlings

Unlike 2012, and 2011, and 2010, we have no garden plans this year.

We certainly have lots of seeds and lots of seedlings and lots of perennial edibles. But instead of a predestined place, our strategy seems to be "this plant will die if it doesn't go in the ground now, better build a bed!"

So it was with the hoophouse - we invited people over for a build and later decided we should actually use the thing. We layered soil and peat moss over cardboard and planted cold-hearty vegetables.

Then strawberries were available at City Folk's Farm Shop. Oooh! We want to grow those but where to put them? Hoophouse sounds good and perhaps the plastic will protect the sweet berries from hungry rodents and birds.

Same with the potatoes and onions. The time to plant came upon us and we quickly put together the first pieces of a keyhole garden for family vegetables.

The placement of the orchard, in a sunny, well-drained location toward the rear of the property, was set in our minds a few months ago. We planted there in rows for lack of a better idea. We hope to eventually put in alley crops and understory edibles ala Restoration Agriculture. If the deer ravage the back orchard, we're raising three fruit trees in the chicken yard for insurance.

So far, we've double dug planting holes, tilled beds, built a hugelkultur pile (more on that later), built a raised bed for root vegetables, and made many lasagna-style beds including Lil's garden pictured below. Our soil building materials included straw, Price Organics premium soil blend, and Zoo Brew from City Folk's Farm Shop, peat moss from the big box hardware store, and composted leaves and rabbit poo salvaged from yards.

child keyhole garden

Garden Goals

Though we don't have a pretty plan, we do have a clear set of long-term goals:

1) Convert lawn to growing edible, habitat, or ornamental plants

2) Choose perennial and native varieties wherever possible

3) Plant a diversity of species in a diversity of growing spaces

4) Co-exist with the natural environment including remediating low areas to more wetland-like habitat

5) Garden with ecological and permaculture principles in mind

6) Save seeds for economy, biodiversity, and micro-climate adapatation

Ultimately, we want to provide our family with a sustainable, year-round food supply and welcome others to learn from the example gardens we create.

Consequences of Experimental Gardening

This seemingly haphazard way of planting may or may not work out for us. Certainly some plants will thrive while others may not be so lucky. Our gardening eyes may be bigger than our stomachs in terms of how many beds we can feasibly plant with the time and resources we have.

But at the end of the year, I expect we will have learned a lot about what works in the conditions we have. The eggs-in-every-basket strategy to building beds and planting over a hundred varieties of edibles will be a sort of instant natural selection. Perhaps we'll learn that deer prefer the branches of apple trees to pear trees. Or that strawberries don't receive enough pollination to fruit in the hoop house. Or that no one but humans likes collard greens.

It's all too early to tell now. Having the patience to wait and see which eggs hatch is one of the life lessons of gardening.

Early Spring Inside The Hoop House {Friday Five}

What's going on inside the hoop house we built? 1) Garden beds of Price Farm Organics soil from City Folks Farm Shop and peat moss over cardboard broken by walking paths of landscape cloth covered by mulch. Alas any gaps between the cardboard and cloth are already growing weeds... hardware cloth shelf in hoop house2) Seedlings hardening off on the hardware-cloth shelves. seedlings in hoop house3) Strawberry plants under the shelves where water drains down from seedlings. strawberries in hoop house4) Cold-tolerant food like kales, lettuces, and beets. greens in hoop house bed5) Friends and family hanging out. The hoop house is always warmer than the outside; on the days reaching 70 deg F recently, the hoop house sauna was positively steamy! japanese girls in hoop housesunset hoop house